geoprimsField-grade geospatial math

PLSS legal description reader

Reads a Public Land Survey System description like NE¼ SW¼ Sec 12, T3N R4W, 6th PM into plain words, and gives the nominal aliquot area of a standard 640-acre section.

Experimental: not yet fully verified. How results are checked

the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 12, township 3 north, range 4west, Sixth Principal Meridian

This is the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 12, township 3 north, range 4 west, Sixth Principal Meridian. Nominal area: 40 US survey ac.

  • The area assumes a standard 640-acre section. Real sections vary, and lots are not nominal.
Nominal area
Section
Township
Range
Principal meridian
Meridian code
Provenance
Computed by
survey.land.plss-parse 1.0.0, core 0.1.0
Model
Aliquot parts in words (NE¼ SW¼ is the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter); nominal area = 640 acres × the product of the fractions
Accuracy
Nominal only: real sections vary from 640 acres, and fractional sections and lots are not nominal. Locating the parcel needs the BLM section geometry.
Notes
2 shown with the answer
Cites
Bureau of Land Management, Manual of Surveying Instructions for the Survey of the Public Lands of the United States

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How we got thisFormula, worked example, sources, and proof

Model: Aliquot parts in words (NE¼ SW¼ is the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter); nominal area = 640 acres × the product of the fractions

Accuracy: Nominal only: real sections vary from 640 acres, and fractional sections and lots are not nominal. Locating the parcel needs the BLM section geometry.

Worked example: NE¼ SW¼ Sec 12, T3N R4W, 6th PM. Source: add-practitioner-essentials PLSS scenario: the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 12, nominal 40 acres. It is golden test vector v001, and every build checks the tool still gives its answer within its tolerance.

You enter

Description
NE¼ SW¼ Sec 12, T3N R4W, 6th PM

You get

In words
the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 12, township 3 north, range 4 west, Sixth Principal Meridian
Nominal area
40 US survey ac
Section
12
Township
3N
Range
4W
Principal meridian
Sixth Principal Meridian
Meridian code
06
Location
To locate it, install the state's BLM PLSS data (CadNSDI); aliquot lines are never drawn by quartering an ideal square.
Notice
Parsing and arithmetic aid. Boundary determination requires a licensed surveyor and the governing records.

Review: Not yet independently reviewed by a licensed surveyor.

Last verified: 2026-09-18, when a maintainer last confirmed this tool's sources at the issuer. See the sources ledger.

Status: version 1.0.0, core 0.1.0. See this tool in the verification report.

Checked against: 5 golden test vectors (download the test vectors, each with its source and tolerance). See how results are checked and every source.

Sources

Terms

PLSS: Public Land Survey System
The US rectangular survey of townships, ranges, and sections, carried out by the federal government since 1785. Source: Manual of Surveying Instructions (BLM)

Experimental means this tool has not yet met the stable bar: at least 20 golden vectors, differential tests, and an independent worked example.